Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

"The Golden Age" by William Edmonstoune Aytoun is a satirical poem that delves into the themes of materialism, wealth, youth, English society, liberty, riches, and fortunes. The poem critiques the obsession with money and the pursuit of riches during a time of economic boom and speculation, particularly in relation to the Australian gold rush. Aytoun employs a mix of wit, irony, and social commentary to shed light on the follies and consequences of the gold fever.

The poem begins with the poet addressing the Muses, sarcastically calling upon them to aid him in profiting from the golden opportunities of the time. He mocks the poets and writers who were able to gain wealth and popularity through their works, highlighting the commercialization of art and literature.

Aytoun then delves into the allure of gold and its historical associations. He mentions mythical rivers like Pactolus, Tagus, Ganges, and Euphrates, alluding to their past riches and the fading of their glory. He contrasts the past with the Australian gold rush, suggesting that the Australian "boor" is richer than historical kings like Midas and Croesus.

The poet satirizes the gold rush and the frenzy it induces, depicting people flocking to the diggings in search of wealth. He criticizes the greed and speculation in financial markets, highlighting the risks and pitfalls of investing in speculative ventures. He mocks the exaggerated claims made by brokers and the tendency of people to follow trends blindly.

Aytoun also takes a critical stance on the British agricultural and industrial sectors, suggesting that the exodus of laborers to Australia exacerbates the problems of declining agricultural productivity and the negative consequences of the industrial revolution.

The poem satirically addresses the proponents of free trade and the Anti-Corn Law League, questioning the efficacy of their policies in securing trade agreements and tariffs reductions with foreign nations. Aytoun portrays them as naive in their expectations and mocks their failed attempts to negotiate better trade conditions.

In the latter part of the poem, Aytoun criticizes the Whig government and its economic policies, particularly its handling of the agricultural industry. He suggests that the government's decisions, such as the repeal of the Corn Laws, have led to economic hardships and mass emigration.

Aytoun concludes by expressing his own struggles as a poet in the midst of the gold rush and the societal obsession with material wealth. He reflects on the fleeting nature of gold's allure and emphasizes that true wealth and the golden age cannot be achieved through material possessions alone.

Overall, "The Golden Age" is a satirical critique of the materialistic and speculative mindset of the time, offering a social commentary on the consequences of the pursuit of wealth and the neglect of other values in society.

Discover our Poem Explanations and Poet Analyses!

Other Poems of Interest...