Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

"Moralility, A Familiar Epistle" by Thomas Moore is a commentary on the search for a universal definition of morality, and the discrepancies and contradictions one might find in this quest.

The poem opens with the speaker recalling his time spent learning from various sources, both academic and religious, seeking to discover what it means to be moral and virtuous. Yet, after all his studies, the speaker concludes that he's only learned to doubt.

The speaker emphasizes that different philosophies and scholars from various ages and cultures have different interpretations of morality. He compares it to a rainbow, suggesting that its nature is constantly changing and each observer perceives it differently.

Two specific philosophies are mentioned as examples of the conflicting views on morality. The Stoic philosophy of the Greek philosopher Zeno is mentioned, wherein he advocated for apathy and control over one's feelings. On the other hand, the speaker talks about a hedonistic philosophy that posits pleasure as the ultimate aim of human life.

The speaker clearly disagrees with both these philosophies, suggesting that morality isn't about controlling one's feelings entirely, nor is it about indulging in pleasure without restraint. Instead, he compares the mind to a flower in a vase and suggests that its fragrance (symbolizing morality) should rise to the skies as virtue's incense, implying a sense of balance and a spiritual or heavenly connection.

The speaker criticizes philosophers and scholars for trying to put strict definitions and scientific rules around morality. He suggests that a "plain good man" whose actions are inherently moral teaches more about virtue than any theoretical discussions or philosophical doctrines can.

Finally, the speaker uses the metaphor of observing the morning sunbeams. While scholars might analyze the rays' properties, he prefers to perceive each sunbeam as a glance from God, filled with love. This suggests a more personal, spiritual understanding of the world around him, as opposed to a strictly analytical one.

Overall, this poem by Thomas Moore is a reflection on the nature of morality and virtue, emphasizing the importance of personal understanding and action over theoretical debates and rules.

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