Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

In "The Living," Kevin Young crafts a compelling narrative that navigates the complexities of racial, social, and economic disparities, while also evoking a vivid sense of resilience and community. The poem, divided into two stanzas, covers the changing seasons in the life of a marginalized community, yet it goes beyond simply narrating experiences of hardship and inequality. Instead, Young delves into the nuanced interplay between labor, survival, aspiration, and familial bonds.

The first stanza takes place after Independence Day, immediately contrasting the notion of freedom celebrated on the holiday with the grim realities of daily life for the marginalized communities. "School growing sweet / on our tongues" represents an escape, an alternative to hard labor. However, it's an escape that is quickly disrupted; the children are let off "at noon to pick the valuable white till nightfall," a line that powerfully captures both the backbreaking labor involved in cotton picking and the racial dynamics that underscore it. Young uses historical imagery like "Confederate bills" and the name "Springfield"-with its connotations to the Springfield Race Riot of 1908-to ground the poem in a specific socio-historical context.

A poignant moment in the first stanza comes with the portrayal of Unc Chock and Mama, figures who embody familial love and the fight for dignity, respectively. "The money was bad / like all money then, not near as green or wide," Young observes, revealing how economics weaves into this story. Despite the hardships, there is also a hint of competition and aspiration. Frankie plucks fifteen more pounds, enough for "food for two, a new / Easter dress." These small victories and dreams give the poem its humane angle.

The second stanza moves to winter, offering a glimpse into domestic life and the struggle against the elements. "We slept like fish, still moving," captures the unceasing labor and hustle for survival, but there's also a palpable sense of community. The arrival of the boxcar from "the Atchison Topeka & Santa Fe" becomes an event that rallies the community, and the carvings on the wood boards-"Unfriendly Conductor, Town of No Sleep"-are another way of archiving the lived experiences of marginalized groups.

Throughout the poem, Young employs natural and cultural elements, from fish to hobos to Confederate bills, to build a rich tapestry of symbols that underscore his themes. His nuanced depictions of labor-both forced and elective, the roles of the family, the sense of community, and the struggles against systemic inequities-create a potent narrative that is both bleak and uplifting.

Thus, "The Living" serves as a poignant chronicle of a community that finds ways to endure and even thrive despite adversity. Young pays homage to these lives, not just by depicting their struggles but also by celebrating their resilience, ingenuity, and sense of community. It's a vibrant portrait of survival, rife with the intricacies of human experiences against the backdrop of social and racial injustice.