Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

"Words for Hart Crane" by Robert Lowell is an introspective and candid reflection that pays homage to the poet Hart Crane, while also delving into Lowell's own views on recognition, literary fame, and personal identity. Through sharp, evocative language and allusions to both Crane's life and the broader literary tradition, Lowell crafts a poem that intertwines homage with a critique of societal norms and the literary establishment.

The poem opens with a critical observation about the distribution of the Pulitzer Prizes: "When the Pulitzers showered on some dope or screw who flushed our dry mouths out with soap." This line conveys a disdain for what Lowell perceives as unworthy recipients of prestigious awards, suggesting that these laureates offer a sanitized, uninspired version of literature. The imagery of "flushing our dry mouths out with soap" suggests a cleansing that is unwelcome, purging the raw and genuine elements from expression.

Lowell then alludes to his own controversial actions and public perception, mentioning "stalking sailors" and scattering "Uncle Sam's phony gold-plated laurels to the birds." This may refer to Lowell's rejection of conventional accolades and his deliberate challenge to societal norms, perhaps inspired by Crane's own rebellious spirit. The phrase "Uncle Sam's phony gold-plated laurels" suggests a skepticism towards superficial recognition and the commodification of art and achievement.

The poem moves into a more personal reflection, where Lowell identifies with Hart Crane, describing himself as knowing his "Whitman like a book." This indicates a deep familiarity with the work of Walt Whitman, an influential figure in American poetry known for his expansive, democratic vision. By invoking Whitman, Lowell places himself and Crane within a lineage of American poets who challenge conventional norms and celebrate a broader, more inclusive vision of humanity.

Lowell introduces himself as "Catullus Redivivus," likening his persona to that of the Roman poet Catullus, known for his passionate and sometimes scandalous poetry. This self-identification emphasizes Lowell's embrace of intense emotion and transgressive themes, similar to Crane's own poetic style. He acknowledges his past as a "homosexual wolfing the stray lambs," referencing his sexual orientation and the associated social stigma, as well as the idea of preying upon the vulnerable. This line also touches on Crane's struggles with his sexuality and societal rejection.

The poem's tone becomes more reflective and resigned with the line "My profit was a pocket with a hole." Here, Lowell suggests that despite his literary endeavors and public persona, he has gained little material or lasting reward, underscoring the often thankless nature of true artistic pursuit.

Lowell poses a rhetorical question, "Who asks for me, the Shelley of my age," invoking the Romantic poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, known for his radical ideas and untimely death. This comparison reinforces the notion of Lowell (and Crane) as misunderstood and underappreciated figures in their own time. The poem concludes with a poignant invitation: "must lay his heart out for my bed and board." This line encapsulates the emotional vulnerability and openness required to truly understand and connect with the poet's work and life.

The closing lines, "I'll be interested in hearing from you. / Yours sincerely, / Robert," shift from the poem's reflective and critical tone to a more personal, direct address. This ending creates a sense of closure and intimacy, as if Lowell is writing a letter to Crane, or perhaps to the reader, inviting engagement and understanding.

"Words for Hart Crane" is a complex and layered poem that blends homage, self-reflection, and critique. Through his raw and candid language, Lowell not only honors Crane's legacy but also confronts the challenges of being an artist in a world that often fails to appreciate genuine creativity and transgressive thought. The poem serves as a testament to the struggles and complexities of artistic life, acknowledging both the personal sacrifices and the enduring impact of true artistic expression.

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